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Global Cybersecurity Index (GCI)
Global Cybersecurity Index (GCI) is a comprehensive measure of a country's level of preparedness and commitment towards cybersecurity, developed by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU), a specialized agency of the United Nations that deals with information and communication technologies. The GCI evaluates five key pillars to determine a country's cybersecurity preparedness and resilience.
Technical Measures: This pillar evaluates the level of adoption and effectiveness of technical measures such as antivirus software, firewalls, and intrusion detection systems. It also considers the availability and quality of technical support and incident response services.
Organizational Measures: This pillar evaluates the existence and effectiveness of organizations and entities involved in cybersecurity at the national level. This includes government agencies responsible for cybersecurity, as well as private sector and civil society organizations involved in cybersecurity initiatives.
Capacity Building: This pillar evaluates the level of investment in education, training, and research in cybersecurity. This includes the availability and quality of cybersecurity education programs, as well as the level of investment in cybersecurity research and development.
Cooperation: This pillar evaluates the level of collaboration and coordination between the government, private sector, and civil society organizations in cybersecurity matters. This includes the existence of cybersecurity partnerships, information-sharing mechanisms, and public-private cooperation initiatives.
The GCI is based on a survey of countries conducted by the ITU, with input from experts in the field of cybersecurity. The survey includes questions related to each of the five pillars, and the responses are used to calculate a GCI score for each country. The GCI scores are then used to rank countries based on their cybersecurity preparedness and resilience.
The GCI is published annually in a report, which provides an analysis of global and regional trends in cybersecurity, as well as recommendations for policymakers and stakeholders. The GCI aims to raise awareness about the importance of cybersecurity and encourage countries to improve their preparedness and resilience in the face of cyber threats. By providing a comprehensive evaluation of a country's cybersecurity posture, the GCI enables policymakers and stakeholders to identify areas for improvement and develop effective strategies for strengthening cybersecurity.
Global Cybersecurity Index (GCI) International laws
The Global Cybersecurity Index (GCI) does not directly enforce international laws. However, the GCI includes an evaluation of a country's legal measures related to cybersecurity, which may include compliance with international cybersecurity laws and regulations.
There are several international laws and agreements related to cybersecurity, which countries are expected to comply with. These include:
The United Nations General Assembly Resolution on Cybersecurity: In 2018, the UN General Assembly adopted a resolution on "Developments in the field of information and telecommunications in the context of international security", which includes provisions related to cybersecurity. The resolution calls on member states to promote cybersecurity and to cooperate in preventing and responding to cyber attacks.
The Budapest Convention on Cybercrime: This is the first international treaty on crimes committed via the internet and other computer networks. The Convention aims to harmonize national laws related to cybercrime, facilitate international cooperation in cybercrime investigations and prosecutions, and promote the protection of critical infrastructure against cyber threats.
The European Union's General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR): The GDPR is a comprehensive data protection regulation that applies to all EU member states. The regulation imposes strict requirements on organizations that collect and process personal data, including requirements related to data security and breach notification.
The NIST Cybersecurity Framework: Although not a law or treaty, the NIST Cybersecurity Framework is a widely recognized international standard for cybersecurity. The framework provides a set of guidelines and best practices for organizations to manage and reduce cybersecurity risks.
Countries that are evaluated as having strong legal measures related to cybersecurity are likely to have implemented measures that comply with these international laws and agreements. However, compliance with international cybersecurity laws and agreements may also depend on the specific legal and regulatory frameworks of each country.
